Narrative Text
NARRATIVE TEXT
Definition of Narrative Text
Generic Structure of Narrative Text
- Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.
- Complication : Where the problems in the story developed.
- Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved.
- Coda / reorientation (optional) – lesson from the story
Purpose of Narrative text
The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.
Language Feature of Narrative Text
– Past tense (killed, drunk, etc)
– Adverb of time (Once upon a time, one day, etc)
– Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
– Specific character. The character of the story is specific, not general. (Cinderella, Snow White, Alibaba, etc)
– Action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
– Direct speech. It is to make the story lively. (Snow White said, ”My name is Snow White”). The direct speech uses present tense.
Kinds of Narrative Text
- Fable : Fable is a story that uses animal characters in it. The purpose of the fable is to be able to entertain the readers only, besides that the fable also contains various moral values to be conveyed, for example the attitude of helping to help and others.
- Folktale : Folklore or folktale is a type of belief story that has long existed in society. This story comes from our ancestors and was passed on by word of mouth. This folklore is still being told today.
- Fairy Tale : A fairy tale is a story, often intended for children, that features fanciful and wondrous characters such as elves, goblins, wizards, and even, but not necessarily, fairies. ... Fairy tales are often traditional; many were passed down from story-teller to story-teller before being recorded in books.
- Myth : Myth, a symbolic narrative, usually of unknown origin and at least partly traditional, that ostensibly relates actual events and that is especially associated with religious belief. It is distinguished from symbolic behaviour (cult, ritual) and symbolic places or objects (temples, icons).
Characteristic features
The following are the characteristics of Narrative Text, including:
1. Narrative Text tells a story from the past.
2. Use a noun to replace animal, person, or object pronouns in the story.
3. It is more of a folk tale or is already known and developed in the community as a shared story even though it can be retold in different versions of the story.
4. The elements of the story consist of time and place settings, story themes, story characters, story atmosphere, conflict and resolution.
5. Can be arranged into a simple sequence or composed of several complex sequences. Sequence is a series of statements in which the execution is sequential / coherent. What is found first will be done first and if the order of the statements is reversed it will have a different meaning.
Example of Narrative Text (Story by Khalisya/Me)
Ariel the Little Mermaid
“One, two, three…,” Ariel started to count. Flounder and the baby seal hid. “Ready or not, here I come!” Ariel said. She tried to find them in the seaweed bush but they were not there. Then she sought among the coral reefs. “Gotcha!” shouted her. She had found Flounder.
Now, Ariel had to find the baby seal. Then she tried to find the baby seal inside a chest. She saw many things there, but not the baby seal. After that, she looked under a rock cliff and only saw a sleeping blowfish.
Suddenly, she heard something, “Squeak! Squeak!” Ariel wondered what sound that was. She swam following the sound. At last, she found out that it was the baby seal. It was stung by a jellyfish and his tail was caught in a giant clamshell. Ariel came to help by opening the shell. Finally, Ariel lifted the shell up and set the baby seal free. She was happy to find and save the baby seal.
Languange Features of Narrative Text
To better understand the use of narrative text , let's dive into its characteristics.
🔰Specific character
In a narrative, the author will create a specific character as the main character in the story. Not only the main character, but all the characters in the story will be written clearly, starting from their name, shape, color and character. For example Ariel the mermaid, the dwarves who have different characteristics, Dana the brave Moana.
🔰Past tense
Because writing in narrative text is a fiction or imagination, the grammar that is more commonly used is the past tense . Usually this grammar is very obvious if you read legends or fairy tales that have ancient settings.
🔰Time conjunction and adverb of time
As explained above, narrative text is written sequentially based on time chronology. Therefore, time conjuction is needed as a link for time, such as w hen, before, after, and others to explain the chronology of an event. Meanwhile, adverb of time is needed in writing narrative text with the aim of showing the time when an event occurs, for example o nce upon a time, one day, and others.
🔰Action verb
The use of action verbs in narrative text is one of the characteristics that need to be remembered. This action verb is a verb that shows an action by a character. Due to the grammar used in narrative text form of the past tense, the action verb is also written in the form of a second, for example l aughed, cried, walked, swam, said, married, and others.
🔰Direct speech
If you read a narrative, you will definitely notice that there are quotes taken from the conversations of characters in the story. This is also known as direct speech . It is very important to write dialogue between characters so that important information can be conveyed attractively and the story will be more 'alive'. In addition, this will also make it easier for readers to understand the contents of the story.
Examples of Narrative Text and Their Meanings
The following are some examples of Narrative Text, including:
1. Fable (Fable)
The Mouse Deer And The Tiger
One day, there was a mouse deer. He was thirsty so he wanted to drink on the river.
When the mouse deer came next to the rive, a tiger approached him and wanted to eat him. Of course the mouse deer tried to escape, but the tiger run faster and caught him.
In that dangerous situation the mouse deer thought hard how to escape the tiger. Then he got idea and said to the tiger, “Listen! Your mightiness and toughness are all great! But I have my own king. He has a greater strength than yours! I am sure that nobody can match his powers! " Because the tiger felt taunted, he declared that he would challenge the mouse deer's king.
Next the mouse leads the tiger to the river, and said, “Now Look at the water. You will see my king ”Foolishly the tiger looked in the river and surely saw another tiger in the water. Then he growled, but the tiger in the river imitated to growl too. Because of his too high self pride, the tiger jumped into the water, and wanted to fight. He was believing there was another tiger in the water.
The mouse deer took that opportunity to escape. After fighting with himself in the river, the tiger realized that he was fooled by the mouse deer.
Structure:
- Orientation : There were a tiger and mouse deer on the river bank.
- Complication: A tiger approached a mouse deer and wanted to eat the mouse deer.
- Resolution : The tiger finally realized that he was fooled by the mouse deer.
2. Myth
Aji Saka and Dewata Cengkar
Many, many years ago, the kingdom of Medang Kamulan was ruled by a king named Dewata - Chengkar. This king had a strange and frightening habit. He liked to eat human beings.
One day, a young traveler arrived in the kingdom. He was called Ajisaka. Ajisaka took shelter in the house of a widow who quickly came to look upon the young man as her own son. When he heard of the king's strange appetite, Ajisaka sympathized with the villagers' plight and immediately volunteered to become the king's next meal.
Ajisaka went directly to the king's palace. "I am willing to be your next meal. Your Highness. However, I have a request. ”Said Aji Saka to the king. "Whatever you please, young man, I will grant your request," the king replied. “Before you eat me, grant me some land.
Just enough length of my own head cloth. ”Continued Aji Saka. “Come, Young Man. Let's measure your head cloth so that I can have my meal and you can have your land “agreed the king.
Ajisaka began to unwrap the cloth tied around his head. The king got down from his throne and hold one end of the head cloth. He stepped backward. What he didn't know was that this head Cloth was much longer.
The king kept going backward, step by step, as the cloth kept unraveling.
He stepped backward through the palace square, backward across the village, holding the end of Aji Saka's head cloth. The king kept stepping backward until reached the sea clifts of the sea.
A great crowd of people had gathered. They held their breath as their king took his final step backward over the cliff's edge and plunged into the waves crashing againts the rocks at the foot of the sea wall.
Structure:
- Orientation: The story introduces the participants. Those are main characters, Aji Saka and the king Dewata Cengkar. They lived in once time
- Complication: The problem began when the king wanted to eat his people. That king's strange habit made Aji Saka face a major complication, how to solve the problem. Aji Saka tried to stop the king frighting habit.
- Resolution: The story has a happy ending as Aji Saka Successfully beats the king. The king fell into the sea.
3. Legend
The Legend of Surabaya
A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and Baya was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.
Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat “Yummy, this is my lunch,” said Baya. “No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy” said Sura. Then they fought for the goat. After several hours, they were very tired.
Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya lived in the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.
One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry and there was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the promise. They fought again.
They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya’s tail. Baya did the same thing to Sura. He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and went back to the sea. Baya was happy.
4. Folk tale
Golden Eggs
Long time ago a remote village, in central China was inhabited mainly with farmers and hunters.
One day, a poor farmer lost his entire livestock to flood. He prayed hard to God for help or his family would die of starvation.
Few days later, an old man with long grey beard, passed by his house took pity on him.
He gave him a goose and said “ I don’t have any expensive thing to give you and hope this goose will help you to ease your hardship.” A week later to almost surprise the farmer found and egg in his yard.
This was no ordinary egg. It was a golden egg. He was suddenly overcome with joy. Thereafter, his livelihood had rapidly improved but the farmer had forgotten his earlier hardship.
He became lazy, arrogant and spendthrift. Strangely, the goose only laid one golden egg every six months.
The greedy farmer lost his patient and slaughtered his goose thinking there were plenty of golden eggs inside its stomach. Though he very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.
5. Fairy tales
Thumbelina
Once upon a time, there was a kind woman who had no children, longed for a baby and would often say, “How I would love to have a baby girl, even a tiny little one.” A beautiful fairy heard her wish one day, and gave her a little seed to plant in a flowerpot.
When the seed bloomed into a tulip, the woman saw a tiny, beautiful girl inside, no bigger than her thumb. She decided to call her Thumbelina.
She was so small that she had a walnut shell for a bed and used petals as a blanket. Then, an ugly toad fell in love with Thumbelina.
One night when she was sleeping, he carried her off to his lily pad in a pond. Thumbelina was very unhappy. A swallow was passing by and saw how sad she looked, and said, “Come south with me to warmer lands.”
Young Thumbelina flew away on the swallow’s back. They flew across the seas and came to a land of sunshine. The swallow said, ” This is my home.
You can live in one of the loveliest and biggest flowers.” When Thumbelina stepped inside, she found a handsome fairy, as tiny as her, in its heart.
He was the son of the king of flowers and he fell in love with Thumbelina. He asked her to marry him. So Thumbelina became queen of the flowers and the two lived happily ever after.
For more further information about Narrative Text, please Watch this video down below :
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